African American Men in White NY Civil War Units

An obituary from 1865 led me to investigate the life of Ira T. Brum, who enlisted in the 185th New York Volunteers in June 1864. The regiment was full of young men from Onondaga and Cortland, and some few from elsewhere in the state. Company F contained mostly men from Cortland who enlisted together that spring. The 185th participated in the siege of Petersburg and was part of the Appomattox Campaign, fighting at Quaker Road, Gravelly Run, Five Forks and at Appomattox Court House. There, on April 9th, 1865 members of the 185th saw the &#8220white flag come out and was glad to see it.&#8221 First Lieutenant Hiram Clark of Marathon gathered his men and sang &#8220Hail Columbia.&#8221 As the men settled against a fence, a shell came over and killed Clark, the &#8220last man killed in the army of the Potomac.&#8221

The 185th camped outside of Washington and Company F was mustered out on May 30th. On June 1st, Ira Brum died. According to his obituary, he was the only &#8220colored man in his company, and possessed the confidence and good will of his officers and comrades.&#8221 He was reported to be a good soldier and &#8220had distinguished himself in many of the hard-fought battles which preceded the fall of Richmond and Lee’s surrender.&#8221 Brum was just thirty years old and left a wife and daughter in Cortland County and his mother, father and siblings in Ithaca. The Brum family monument is in the Ithaca City Cemetery.

New York State agreed to allow African Americans to enlist in United States Colored Infantry in the fall of 1863 and these men fought in federal units. The 20th USCT was recruited in New York City- the 26th USCT was filled with many men from the Southern Tier.

In the spring, the Tompkins County Civil War Sesquicentennial Commemoration Commission will repair the Brum grave, now in pieces in the Ithaca City Cemetery.

It would be interesting to know if other African American men fought in white New York regiments.

Photo: Above, reunion ribbons from the 185th New York Regiment- below, the 185th’s service during the war.

5 thoughts on “African American Men in White NY Civil War Units

  • November 30, -0001 at 12:00 am
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    Very interesting. Thanks for sharing. I wouldn’t have thought that any African Americans were serving in white units. It doesn’t get mentioned much and maybe it should! I’m sure he couldn’t have been the only one!

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  • November 30, -0001 at 12:00 am
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    Cherylis correct, he was not the “only one.” I have documented 6 other black men who served with regular NYS line regiments. One received the MoH.

    I would love to speak to the author or anyone regarding this subject

    Bob Farrell
    [email protected]

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  • November 30, -0001 at 12:00 am
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    I was on a panel this October during the conference of ASAHL in Richmond Virginia. One of the speakers was Juanita Patience Moss She wrote a book and delivered a presentation on” Forgotten Black Soldiers in White Regiments During the Civil War” Heritage Books Westminster Maryland 2008.

    It is a wonderful book and identifies some interesting people.

    John Wayles Jefferson (Hemmings) and 2000 others not included in the regular listings of The United States Colored Troops.

    However, Ira Brum was not included in her list. He is another wonderful surprise. How ever she identifies over 250 Blacks who served in New York’s White regiments.

    Her book is a must have for Civil War collector’s.

    Joe Becton
    3rd Regiment USCT
    Rather die freemen Than live to be slaves

    Reply
  • November 30, -0001 at 12:00 am
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    Joe

    You are very fourtunate to have heard Juanita speak. We have had a number of phone conversations regarding Black Troops and her book. And I agree … A must have

    She is working in a long ignored area, that of soldiers who were subject to General Order 323. Ms. Kammen is identifying a black man who joined a all white unit and served as a combat soldier.

    The topic is an interesting one and one that deserves further investigation

    Bob Farrell

    Reply

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